More than five years after Hong Kong regulators first announced they would allow digital banks, the online lenders are performing modestly at best – and in some cases, not well at all. The argument that introducing digital banks would somehow alter the competitive landscape of banking in the city and put heavy pressure on incumbent lenders seems increasingly unrealistic. After all, incumbent heavyweights like HSBC and Standard Chartered have long been investing heavily in digitization. Yet both the banks and regulators have been reluctant to acknowledge underlying problems.

Massive hype about central bank digital currencies – and in particular the retail segment – has not translated to widescale adoption in Asia. This is particularly notable in the region’s two largest economies and nations by population: China and India. Yet while retail users have limited interest in digital fiat currencies in China and India, they are flocking to Cambodia’s Project Bakong, which surpassed 10 million accounts (60% of Cambodia’s population) in December 2023. The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) jointly developed Bakong with the Japanese blockchain technology startup Soramitsu, launching it in October 2020.

Viva Republica’s Toss Bank has been visibly contemplating an initial public offering (IPO) since earlier this year. It is aiming to achieve a valuation of 15 to 20 trillion won (US$11 billion-US$15 billion). Toss is feeling increasingly good about going public because of what it sees as strong fundamentals. It has amassed more than 19.1 million monthly active users, while its loan brokerage, payments, advertising and tax services are performing well, as is its subsidiary Toss Securities.

Ant Group’s global expansion is continuing apace. According to data compiled by the Chinese payments giant, the number of travelers using their home payment apps via Ant’s Alipay+ app tripled from January to September, while spending at food and beverage outlets, attractions and ride sharing/taxis rose by 80%, 50% and 120% respectively.

The last few years have witnessed a rapidly evolving cross-border payment landscape in Asia Pacific. Across the region, financial institutions and FinTechs have made significant headway in areas like central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and real-time payments.

However, several challenges remain that impede further progress. Potential CBDC fragmentation, legacy systems, and rising digital fraud pose difficulties. As 2025 approaches, regulators, financial institutions, and FinTechs must understand three key gaps and address them.

Indonesia’s P2P lending industry has fallen on hard times. After several years of relatively unchecked P2P lending expansion, regulators have decided to crack down on problematic industry players with an eye on heading off catastrophic failures. No doubt China’s experience in the 2010s is instructive for Indonesia, which does not want to see its own retail investors be robbed of their life savings in pyramid or Ponzi schemes.

For many years, the China payments market was an oligopoly with state-owned UnionPay dominating the cards segment while Alipay and Tenpay together held about 90% of mobile payments. These three companies are still far bigger than any of their competitors, but Beijing has in recent years gradually begun improving market access for foreign firms amid a challenging economic environment. It is against this backdrop that PayPal has been steadily ratcheting up its presence in China, most recently with the launch of a service – PayPal Complete Payments – that allows Chinese merchants to accept foreign credit cards and mobile payments.

On October 4, Singapore’s Inter-Ministerial Committee announced new anti-money laundering (AML) recommendations. They include data sharing between agencies, flagging and striking off inactive companies, and programs to educate businesses about suspicious activity and increase the likelihood that they report such activity.

Taiwan is grappling with an increasingly serious scam problem, according to a new report that surveyed 25,000 people across the region has found. Conducted jointly by the Global Anti-Scam Alliance, Gogolook and ScamAdviser, a Web site legitimacy checker, the report found that Taiwanese may have lost up to US$7.5 billion over the past 12 months. On average, Taiwanese each lost US$1,940 to scammers, equivalent to 1% of GDP in 2023.

TymeBank is a rising star in Africa as well a key player in the Philippines’ fintech sector. It is one of the few online banks of note to emerge from Africa thus far. TymeBank claims to be one of South Africa’s fastest growing banks and recently reported reaching 10 million customers. While many digital banks highlight rapid customer acquisition, TymeBank appears to be an outlier with its presence in several emerging markets and a strong balance sheet.